Cramér-Rao Bound of Direction Finding Using Uniform Arc Arrays

Direction-of-Arrival estimation accuracy using arc array geometry is considered in this paper.There is a scanty use of Uniform Arc Array (UAA) in conjunction with Cram�er-Rao bound (CRB)for Direction-of-Arrival estimation. This paper proposed to use Uniform Arc Array formed froma considered Uniform Circular Array (UCA) in conjunction with CRB for Direction-of-Arrivalestimation. This Uniform Arc Array is obtained by squeezing all sensors on the Uniform CircularArray circumference uniformly onto the Arc Array. Cram�er-Rao bounds for the Uniform ArcArray and that of the Uniform Circular Array are derived. Comparison of performance of theUniform Circular Array and Uniform Arc Array is done. It was observed that Uniform Arc Arrayhas better estimation accuracy as compared to Uniform Circular Array when number of sensorsequals four and ve and azimuth angle ranging betweenπ9and718πand also109πand2518π.However, UCA and UAA have equal performance when the number of sensors equals three andhe azimuth angle ranging between 0 and 2π. UCA has better estimation accuracy as comparedto UAA when the number of sensors equals four and ve and the azimuth angle ranging betweenπ2andπand also32πand 2π.